Tree Species

The Maltese Islands host a variety of native and Mediterranean tree and shrub species that play an important role in supporting biodiversity, stabilising soils, improving ecological resilience, and enhancing the natural landscape. Many of these species are well adapted to Malta’s hot and dry climate conditions and are widely used in habitat restoration, afforestation, and environmental conservation projects.

Quercus ilex (Holm Oak)
A long-lived evergreen oak native to the Mediterranean region, valued for its resilience to drought and its importance in supporting local wildlife. The Holm Oak is one of Malta’s most ecologically significant native tree species and contributes to the formation of woodland habitats.

Olea europaea (Olive Tree)
An iconic Mediterranean tree known for its cultural, historical, and ecological significance. Highly tolerant to dry conditions, the Olive Tree supports biodiversity while also forming part of Malta’s traditional rural landscape.

Pinus halepensis (Aleppo Pine)
A hardy Mediterranean pine commonly found in woodland and afforested areas. The Aleppo Pine plays an important role in soil stabilisation, habitat creation, and providing shelter for wildlife.

Cupressus sempervirens (Mediterranean Cypress)
An evergreen conifer recognised for its tall and narrow form, often associated with Mediterranean landscapes. It is highly adaptable to arid environments and is commonly planted for both ecological and ornamental purposes.

Prunus amygdalus (Almond Tree)
A traditional Mediterranean species valued for its delicate early blossoms and edible almonds. Almond trees contribute to pollinator activity and form part of Malta’s rural and agricultural heritage.

Laurus nobilis (Bay Laurel)
An aromatic evergreen shrub or small tree traditionally used in Mediterranean cuisine. Bay Laurel is well suited to local climatic conditions and is appreciated for both its ecological and cultural value.

Punica granatum (Pomegranate)
A drought-resistant species producing vibrant flowers and distinctive fruits. The Pomegranate tree supports pollinators and contributes colour and biodiversity to Mediterranean landscapes.

Ficus carica (Common Fig)
A traditional Mediterranean fruit tree appreciated for its edible fruit and adaptability to rocky and dry soils. The Common Fig has long been associated with local agriculture and rural environments.

Myrtus communis (Myrtle)
An evergreen shrub with fragrant leaves and delicate flowers that attract pollinators. Myrtle is an important species within native garigue and maquis habitats.

Pistacia lentiscus (Mastic Tree)
A resilient evergreen shrub commonly found in garigue and maquis ecosystems. Known for its aromatic resin, the Mastic Tree is highly adapted to coastal and dry Mediterranean environments.

Teucrium fruticans (Shrubby Germander)
A hardy Mediterranean shrub recognised for its silvery foliage and pale blue flowers. Its nectar-rich blooms attract pollinators and contribute to ecological diversity.

Rhamnus alaternus (Mediterranean Buckthorn)
An evergreen shrub valued for its resilience to coastal conditions and dry climates. Its berries provide an important food source for birds and other wildlife species.